我国境外投资连续13年快速增长，中资企业在海外不断做大做强，海外利益规模迅速拓展。于此同时，我国海外单体项目的金额也呈现不断增长的态势，大额单体项目的外部性凸显，作为利益结构中重要的一方，其敏感性也与日俱增，安全风险逐渐成为我国“走出去”企业的悬顶之剑。此外，我国企业海外投资也从简单的小型项目承包逐渐转变成总承包商，安全管理能力也成为中资企业必须修炼的“内功”。

在当前环境中，中资企业作为境外安保第一责任人须积极应对安保难题，建立能够做到事前有方法能预测、事中有手段能处理、事后有策略能减损，建立包括集团高层安全担当、安全预算、安全组织和制度、风险评估、安防设施、安全培训、安全信息管理与安全预警、安全事件应对能力、安全事件善后与减损，以及安全软环境建设等诸方面的“大安保体系”，提升自身事前预测能力，事中应对能力以及事后处置和减损能力。

一、集团高层安全担当

安全事件的影响可能波及整个组织。一旦公司员工有“不安全感”，或者公司商业机密泄露、公司人员和物资受到袭击，都有可能致使公司业务中断、形象受损、遭受巨大人员伤亡或财产损失。所以，集团董事会和管理高层对安全事务的观念和看法至关重要，集团高层应统一意志，并直接介入公司的安全治理，建立公司安全文化，这有利于公司在紧急事件中的迅速恢复。

二、安全预算

安全预算到底应该占项目预算多大比重，并没有统一的标准。决定安全预算的要素包括项目位置、地区犯罪情况、外国公司和员工威胁情况、该地区金融稳定程度、政治稳定程度、卫生医疗情况、基础设施和公共服务可获得性等。公司需结合风险评估对各要素有一定的认识，设计与公司运营相匹配的安全预算规模。

三、安全组织和制度建设

高效率安全管理离不开组织和制度方面的建设，需要达到以下标准。

1.组织完整。由于安全涉及大量的协调和组织，而人是协调、组织和应对安全事件的核心，所以必须建立完整的安全组织，保证职能体系合理且完整、人员授权明确以及特殊情况下人员替补体系完整。

2.安全政策体系完善。安全政策体系是减缓安全风险非常重要的一环，需融入公司的日常管理。安全政策体系应该是一个综合体系，包括集团层级制定的安全纲要和原则、集团在地区级别和国家级别制定的安全政策、基于风险评估制定的项目特定安全措施以及完整的安全事件预案体系。

3.汇报体系清晰。并非所有的安全事件和状态都需要最高领导层知晓，减少安全信息在集团高层的堆积是汇报体系保持高效运转的基本原则之一。为此，需要规划合理的汇报体系，明确什么问题需要在什么层级解决。

四、风险评估

风险评估是企业做出是否进入某地区的重要依据之一，是项目成本的重要组成部分，也是提出项目安全组织、制度和措施的基础。企业需全面评估对各类风险的脆弱性，以及这些风险发生的可能性，利用国际成熟的风险评估模型定性、定量地评估自身风险。

很多组织和咨询公司都提供国家层面的风险评估，中信保每年也会发布国家风险评估报告。这些风险评估一般以国家政治、社会指标以及犯罪、恐怖袭击等安全指标构成，能够让人们快速了解某一国家的整体安全水平。但需要指出的是，“国家层面”的风险很容易评测，但是仅对这一层级的风险进行评估远远不够。对于海外中资企业来讲，尤其是在海外有大型项目的中资企业，风险评估一定要精准细致，并进行一定的情境预演。由于企业在不同的地区涉足不同行业，以不同的方式在驻在国经营，其他机构所“认定”的风险并不必然是自己要面对的风险。风险评估不仅要对全球和地区的安全形势有一定把握，对当地的整体安全情况有一定认知，也需要对项目所在地的具体政治关系（包括种族关系、宗教关系、地方和中央政府的关系）等进行评估，对项目所在地的治安、社会环境进行评估，对行业以及自身项目的政治敏感性进行评估等等，尽可能明确所有利益攸关方的相关情况，并对可能出现的事件进行情境推演，明确相关利益结构和可能的冲突发展方向。

五、安防设施

安防设备是安保的重要组成部分，主要包括围墙、门禁、车辆及人员检查系统、防冲撞设施、闭路监控系统、防盗报警系统、对讲系统、应急门、哨塔、掩体设施等，不同级别的安保对应的安防体系也不同。云计算、物联网、大数据等手段的出现，使得智慧安防体系成为可能。智慧安防技术集监控、测算、控制、处理等功能为一体，与具备指挥调度、检查督查、信息研判、防范控制和应急管理等职能的指挥中心相结合，可极大提高安保效率和能力。

六、安全培训

公司内部的安全培训需要包括：个人保护；紧急状态反应；急救操作；信息安全实践；公司安全事件汇报程序；公司可疑事件汇报程序。当员工差旅或者被派遣至其他地区时，需要接受更严格的差旅安全培训。而当员工差旅地或派遣地安全风险很高时，安全培训必须包括：派遣地和差旅地安全环境认知；特殊情境下驾驶技术；更深入的医疗培训；语言培训；防身技术；情景式紧急状况应对；安全感知能力训练。

七、安全信息管理与安全预警

安全信息管理和预警是安保决策的重要依据和有效应对的重要前提。一般而言，安全信息来源非常多元，需要利用现代化技术集成管理。常见的安全信息包括公司发生的安全事件、公司监控设备收集到的信息、公司本地员工提供的安全信息、公司利益攸关方提供的安全信息、公司从自身社会途径获取的安全信息以及公司从驻外使领馆、新闻媒体、国际机构等获取的信息。信息源不同，安全信息涉及的方面也各不一样，其价值和权威性也不同，不仅需要建立完善的收集系统自动化管理，同时需要对信息进行价值、权威性、威胁程度等方面的评估处理。

基于安全信息管理技术，对公司进行不同级别的安全预警。各个公司承受安全风险的能力不同，应对方式也不尽一致，需结合自身情况制定合理的标准。

八、安全事件应对能力

有条件的中资公司可以通过雇佣安保公司等外部力量提升自身安全事件处置能力。比如海外大型中资企业通常采取我国驻外使领馆+当地军警+安保企业+兄弟单位综合的安全应对系统。一般而言，选用安保企业时，需注意两个方面：安保企业的国际化和属地化。

国际化的安保企业跨文化、跨语言执行能力较强，安保经验和技术水平比较突出，具有较高的国际化视野和国际合作水平。 

缺乏本地安保力量，将加大企业融入当地社会的难度。相反，属地化的安保力量可以较快帮助企业搭建当地的网络，迅速融入当地的社会环境和风俗文化，且可以有较好的网络和能力处置可能发生的安全事件。

此外，小型中资机构可考虑与当地大型中资公司结成合作伙伴，借助大型中资企业的安保力量；组建或加入当地中资企业“联防联守”安全网络，提升自身安保能力。

九、安全事件善后与减损

即使成熟的安保体系也难以100%阻止安全事件的发生，事件善后与减损也是安全保障体系的重要组成部分。安全事件若造成人员伤亡，或者在应对过程中给第三方带来附带伤亡，需要妥善处置善后事宜，包括心理抚慰、医疗救助与补偿等。保险是事后减损的重要措施。若安全事件造成人员伤亡或资产损失，应迅速整理证据，协调保险公司的理赔事宜。若安全事件较严重，对资产和人员造成较大损失，则需紧急启动公司业务不中断预案，在保证安全的情况下，将公司可能损失降低到最少。最后，安全事件的发生，需安全部门积极分析和反思安全漏洞，改进现有安保体系和方案。

十、安全软环境建设

安全软环境建设是企业降低安全风险的重要途径之一。企业积极承担社会责任，建设有利的安全软环境，可以提升或改善公司的形象，得到当地政府、公民社会和国际组织的认可；使当地政府和民众受益，当地政府和民众可能在危险时刻提供一定的安全保障和援助。

但并非所有的社会责任活动都取得了良好效果。如何使社会责任保持在企业可承受范围之内以及如何防止社会公益活动成为当地新的冲突源，是企业需要研究的重要课题。

顺应时代要求，中资企业提升安保能力，不仅有利于自身利益的保障，而且将大大提高中资企业的国际竞争力。随着中国企业做大做强，逐渐进入设计、监理等传统欧美国家企业承担的高端业务，成为EPC总承包商或项目投资方，解决好安保问题不仅是对中资企业的必然要求，也将进一步提升中资企业的综合竞争力。

北京银盾安保集团武装护航简介

2014年北京银盾安保集团海上武装护航业务的开展，开创了中国武装保安为中国远洋船舶护航的新篇章，成为国内首批独立承揽武装护航业务的企业之一，迫使西方海上安保企业降低护航费用，为中国远洋公司节省了大量成本支出。

北京银盾安保集团护航队员来自海军陆战队、陆军特种部队、武警特警部队的优秀退伍士兵，通过严格培训取得了护航相关证件，具备独立完成护航任务的资质和能力，以高度的忠诚、严格的纪律、过硬的素质、优质的服务得到国内外客户一致认可，受到船员的高度赞誉。

北京银盾安保集团海事在印度洋各重要中转港口设立了基地和办事机构，为船舶提供各种靠港服务，随时为船舶补充食品、淡水、油料等急需物资；

北京调度中心随时为护航船舶提供准确的防海盗安全形势分析和区域气象水文资料；安全风险评估中心可为客户提供相关国家和区域的安全信息，为中国赴海外客户提供正确、科学的安全风险评估报告和中、英、德等语种的信息支持，并根据客户需要制订危机处置方案。

公司还创办了《防海盗信息月报》、《信息周报》，为客户提供及时可靠的信息支援。北京银盾安保集团海事是私营保安公司国际行为准则协会（ICoCA）及海运保安工业协会（SAMI）的首批中国会员，是首家通过英国劳氏集团ISO/PAS 28000/28007体系认证的中国企业。

北京银盾安保集团保安海外安保业务的开展，标志着中国武装保安正式走出国门，并在国际安保领域树立了银盾海保的品牌，树立了中国武装保安的品牌！

除了安保、守卫、设备租赁、海上武装护航等，北京银盾安保集团还开展了海外培训等相关服务。

北京银盾安保集团武装押运事业部专门从事武装押运的保安服务企业，具有一流的装备和管理体系，是目前国内企业规模最大、综合实力最强、技术水平最高的专业保安押运服务企业之一，主要业务包括特种货物运输服务；守卫服务；安全信息咨询；技术培训；有价证券、贵重物品押运等。

银盾安保集团全文英文翻译

China's overseas investment has grown rapidly for 13 consecutive years, Chinese enterprises have been growing larger and stronger overseas, and the scale of overseas interests has expanded rapidly. At the same time, the amount of overseas monomer projects in China is also showing a growing trend, and the externalities of large monomer projects are highlighted. As an important part of the interest structure, its sensitivity is also growing day by day, and security risks are gradually becoming the top hanging sword of China's "going global" enterprises. In addition, the overseas investment of Chinese enterprises has gradually changed from simple small project contracting to general contractor, and the safety management ability has become the "internal skill" that Chinese enterprises must cultivate.

In the current environment, Chinese funded enterprises, as the first responsible person for overseas security, must actively respond to security problems, establish a way to predict in advance, deal with in the process, and mitigate losses after the event, including the group's senior security responsibility, security budget, security organization and system, risk assessment, security facilities, security training, security information management and early warning, security incident response capabilities The "big security system" in terms of the aftermath and mitigation of security incidents, as well as the construction of a safe soft environment, has improved its ability to predict in advance, cope in the event, and deal with and mitigate losses afterwards.

1、 Senior Security Officer of the Group

The impact of security incidents may affect the entire organization. Once the company's employees have a "sense of insecurity", or the company's trade secrets are leaked, and the company's personnel and materials are attacked, the company's business may be interrupted, its image may be damaged, and it may suffer huge casualties or property losses. Therefore, the board of directors and senior management of the Group have very important ideas and views on security affairs. The senior management of the Group should unify their will, directly intervene in the company's security governance, and establish the company's security culture, which is conducive to the rapid recovery of the company in emergencies.

2、 Security budget

There is no uniform standard for how much the safety budget should account for the project budget. The factors determining the security budget include project location, regional crime, threats from foreign companies and employees, financial stability, political stability, health care, infrastructure and public service availability in the region. The company needs to have a certain understanding of each element in combination with the risk assessment, and design a safety budget scale that matches the company's operation.

3、 Safety organization and system construction

Efficient safety management is inseparable from the construction of organization and system, and the following standards need to be met.

1. The organization is complete. Since security involves a lot of coordination and organization, and people are the core of coordination, organization and response to security incidents, a complete security organization must be established to ensure that the functional system is reasonable and complete, the personnel authorization is clear, and the personnel replacement system is complete under special circumstances.

2. The security policy system is perfect. The security policy system is a very important part of mitigating security risks and needs to be integrated into the company's daily management. The security policy system should be a comprehensive system, including the security outline and principles formulated at the group level, the security policies formulated by the group at the regional and national levels, the project specific security measures formulated based on risk assessment, and the complete security incident plan system.

3. The reporting system is clear. Not all security incidents and states need to be known by the top leadership. Reducing the accumulation of security information at the top of the Group is one of the basic principles for the reporting system to maintain efficient operation. To this end, it is necessary to plan a reasonable reporting system and define what problems need to be solved at what level.

4、 Risk assessment

Risk assessment is one of the important bases for enterprises to decide whether to enter a certain area, an important part of project cost, and the basis for proposing project safety organizations, systems and measures. Enterprises need to comprehensively assess their vulnerability to various risks and the possibility of these risks, and use internationally mature risk assessment models to qualitatively and quantitatively assess their own risks.

Many organizations and consulting companies provide risk assessment at the national level, and China Export&Credit Insurance Corporation will issue a national risk assessment report every year. These risk assessments are generally composed of national political and social indicators as well as security indicators such as crime and terrorist attacks, which can help people quickly understand the overall security level of a country. However, it should be noted that the risks at the "national level" are easy to assess, but it is far from enough to assess the risks at this level only. For overseas Chinese enterprises, especially those with large overseas projects, the risk assessment must be accurate and detailed, and a certain scenario rehearsal must be carried out. As enterprises set foot in different industries in different regions and operate in different ways in the host country, the risks "identified" by other institutions are not necessarily the risks they have to face. The risk assessment should not only have a certain grasp of the global and regional security situation, but also have a certain understanding of the overall local security situation. It also needs to assess the specific political relations (including ethnic relations, religious relations, local and central government relations) of the project location, assess the security and social environment of the project location, and assess the political sensitivity of the industry and its own projects, Make clear the relevant situation of all stakeholders as much as possible, and deduce the situation of possible events, so as to clarify the relevant interest structure and the possible direction of conflict development.

5、 Security facilities

Security equipment is an important part of security, mainly including fence, access control, vehicle and personnel inspection system, anti-collision facilities, closed-circuit monitoring system, anti-theft alarm system, intercom system, emergency gate, sentry tower, bunker facilities, etc. Security systems corresponding to different levels of security are also different. The emergence of cloud computing, the Internet of Things, big data and other means makes the intelligent security system possible. Smart security technology integrates monitoring, measurement, control, processing and other functions, and combines with the command center with command and dispatching, inspection and supervision, information research and judgment, prevention and control, emergency management and other functions, which can greatly improve security efficiency and capability.

6、 Safety training

The company's internal safety training needs include: personal protection; Emergency response; First aid operation; Information security practices; The company's safety incident reporting procedure; The company's suspicious event reporting procedure. When employees travel or are dispatched to other regions, they need to receive stricter travel safety training. When the safety risks of the places where employees travel or are dispatched are high, the safety training must include: the safety environment awareness of the places where employees travel or are dispatched; Driving skills in special situations; More in-depth medical training; Language training; Self defense technology; Situational emergency response; Safety awareness training.

7、 Safety information management and safety early warning

Safety information management and early warning are important basis for security decision-making and important premise for effective response. Generally speaking, the sources of safety information are very diverse, which requires the use of modern technology for integrated management. Common security information includes security incidents occurred in the company, information collected by the company's monitoring equipment, security information provided by the company's local employees, security information provided by the company's stakeholders, security information obtained by the company from its own social channels, and information obtained by the company from embassies and consulates abroad, news media, international institutions, etc. With different information sources, security information involves different aspects, and its value and authority are also different. It is not only necessary to establish a perfect collection system for automatic management, but also to evaluate and process the information in terms of value, authority, threat level, etc.

Based on the security information management technology, the company is warned of security at different levels. Each company has different ability to bear security risks and different coping styles, so it is necessary to formulate reasonable standards based on its own conditions.

8、 Security incident response capability

Conditional Chinese companies can improve their ability to deal with security incidents by employing external forces such as security companies. For example, large overseas Chinese enterprises usually adopt a comprehensive security response system consisting of Chinese embassies and consulates stationed abroad, local military police, security enterprises and sister units. Generally speaking, when selecting security enterprises, two aspects should be paid attention to: internationalization and localization of security enterprises.

Internationalized security enterprises have strong cross-cultural and cross language implementation capabilities, outstanding security experience and technical level, and a high international vision and international cooperation level.

Lack of local security forces will make it more difficult for enterprises to integrate into local society. On the contrary, localized security forces can quickly help enterprises build local networks, quickly integrate into the local social environment and customs and culture, and have a better network and ability to deal with possible security incidents.

In addition, small Chinese funded institutions can consider forming partnerships with large local Chinese funded companies, with the help of the security forces of large Chinese funded enterprises; Establish or join the "joint defense and defense" security network of local Chinese enterprises to improve their security capabilities.

9、 Rehabilitation and impairment of security incidents

Even a mature security system can hardly prevent the occurrence of security incidents 100%, and the aftermath and impairment of incidents are also an important part of the security system. If a security incident causes casualties or incidental casualties to a third party in the response process, it is necessary to properly handle the aftermath, including psychological comfort, medical assistance and compensation. Insurance is an important measure to reduce loss afterwards. In case of casualties or asset losses caused by security incidents, the evidence shall be promptly sorted out and the insurance company's claim settlement shall be coordinated. If the security incident is serious and causes great losses to assets and personnel, it is necessary to start the company's business uninterrupted plan urgently to minimize the company's possible losses under the premise of ensuring safety. Finally, the occurrence of security incidents requires the security department to actively analyze and reflect on security vulnerabilities and improve the existing security system and programs.

10、 Safe soft environment construction

The construction of safe soft environment is one of the important ways for enterprises to reduce safety risks. Enterprises actively assume social responsibility and build a favorable safe soft environment, which can enhance or improve the company's image and be recognized by local governments, civil society and international organizations; It will benefit the local government and people, who may provide certain security guarantees and assistance at dangerous times.

But not all social responsibility activities have achieved good results. How to keep social responsibility within the enterprise's affordable range and how to prevent social public welfare activities from becoming a new source of conflict are important topics for enterprises to study.

Conforming to the requirements of the times, upgrading the security capability of Chinese enterprises will not only help protect their own interests, but also greatly improve the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises. As Chinese enterprises become bigger and stronger, they gradually enter the high-end business undertaken by traditional European and American enterprises, such as design and supervision, and become EPC general contractors or project investors. Solving the security problem is not only an inevitable requirement for Chinese enterprises, but also will further enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of Chinese enterprises.

Introduction to Armed Escort of Beijing Yindun Security Group

In 2014, Beijing Yindun Security Group launched its armed escort business at sea, which created a new chapter for Chinese armed security guards to escort Chinese ocean going ships, and became one of the first domestic enterprises to independently undertake armed escort business, forcing western maritime security companies to reduce escort costs, saving Chinese ocean going companies a lot of costs.

The escorts of Beijing Yindun Security Group are excellent ex servicemen from the Marine Corps, the Army Special Forces and the Armed Police Special Police Force. They have obtained escort related certificates through strict training, have the qualification and ability to independently complete escort tasks, and have been unanimously recognized by customers at home and abroad with a high degree of loyalty, strict discipline, excellent quality and high-quality service, and are highly praised by the crew.

Beijing Yindun Security Group Maritime has set up bases and offices at various important transit ports in the Indian Ocean to provide ships with various port berthing services and replenish ships with food, fresh water, oil and other urgently needed materials at any time;

Beijing Dispatching Center shall provide accurate anti piracy security situation analysis and regional meteorological and hydrological data for escort ships at any time; The Security Risk Assessment Center can provide customers with relevant national and regional security information, provide Chinese overseas customers with correct and scientific security risk assessment reports and information support in Chinese, English, German and other languages, and formulate crisis disposal plans according to customer needs.

The company also established Anti Piracy Information Monthly and Information Weekly to provide timely and reliable information support for customers. Beijing Yindun Security Group Maritime is the first Chinese member of the International Code of Conduct Association (ICoCA) of private security companies and the Maritime Security Industry Association (SAMI), and the first Chinese enterprise to pass the ISO/PAS 28000/28007 system certification of Lloyd's Group.

The development of security overseas security business of Beijing Yindun Security Group marks that China's armed security has officially gone abroad, and has established the brand of Yindun Haibao in the international security field, as well as the brand of China's armed security!

In addition to security, guard, equipment leasing, maritime armed escort, etc., Beijing Yindun Security Group also carried out overseas training and other related services.

The Armed Escort Business Department of Beijing Yindun Security Group is a security service enterprise specializing in armed escort. With first-class equipment and management system, it is one of the professional security escort service enterprises with the largest scale, the strongest comprehensive strength and the highest technical level in China. Its main business includes special cargo transportation services; Guard service; Safety information consultation; Technical training; Escort of securities, valuables, etc.